Basic Exploration Geophysics

This 5-days course is incorporated as practical problems for workshop analysis and substantial team discussion are case histories and new findings from throughout the world utilizing geophysical data sets. Introduces geophysical methods used to explore for natural resources and to survey earth structure for purposes of geological and engineering knowledge. These methods include seismic refraction and reflection surveying, gravity and magnetic field surveying, electrical resistivity and electromagnetic field surveying, and geophysical well logging. Covers modern field procedures and instruments, as well as data processing and interpretation techniques, including graphical methods. All basic surveying methods are described step-by-step, and illustrated by practical examples.

Audience

This course is designed for:

Geologists
Petroleum Geologists
Geophysicists
Wellsite geologists
Drilling engineers
Stratigraphers
Geochemists,
Petroleum engineers
Production Engineers
Petrophysicists.

Course objectives

By end of the course participants will learn :

Explain the physical principles governing the propagation of seismic waves, describe and apply the principles of seismic data acquisition and have a broad understanding of the instruments used in the field.
Interpret a seismic section and identify different seismic phases.
Describe the basic processing steps of reflection seismic data.
Derive a model of the subsurface based on refraction seismic data.
Be able to make gravity measurements and calculate Free-air and Bouguer anomalies and interpret gravity data.
Describe the common types of magnetisation, understand how a Proton and a Cesium Vapour magnetometer works, and interpret magnetic data.
Describe the different electrical and electromagnetic methods and how they relate to electrical conductivity and dielectric permittivity.
Compare different geophysical methods, describe their weaknesses, strengths, and applicability to different problems and geological environments.

Course contents

Module 1: Seismic Exploration

Different types of geophysical Exploration
Refracted Seismic Waves and Earth Structure.
Reflected Seismic Waves and Earth Structure.
Seismic Surveying on land
Seismic Surveying on Water
Seismic Reflection Data Processing and Interpretation.
The synthetic seismogram
Case studies

Module 2: Gravity Exploration

Gravity acceleration concept
Gravity on the Earth’ surface.
Gravity Surveying.
Bouguer Gravity and Geology.
Case studies.

Module 3: Aeromagnetic Magnetic Exploration

History and physics of Magnetism
Earth Magnetism.
Surveying the Anomalous Magnetic Field.
Magnetic Anomalies and Their Geologic Sources.
Types of fossil magnetism.
Magnetic susceptibility and intensity.
Relation between magnetic and gravitational potentials.
Magnetostratigraphy.
Case studies.

Module 4: Geoelectric Survey

Geoelectrical Surveying, purposes and applications.
Different types of Geoelectric surveys.
Vertical Electric Sounding.
Data Processing and Inversion.
Data Interpretation.
Case studies.

Module 5: Geophysical well logging

Caliper logging.
Cement bond logging
Temperature logging
Lithological logging
Natural Gamma logging
Spectral Gamma Ray Logging
Neutron Logging
Resistivity logging
SP Logging
Induced polarisation (IP) logging
Pressure logging

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