Applied Capillary Pressure and Saturation Height Modeling

The course aims to increase the knowledge of the geologists, engineers and the others who are working in the reservoir characterization aspect. It is applied course shows how to use the capillary pressure Pc data to help the trainees to check the main factors controlling the oil and water distribution in the reservoir, and the importance of the pore spatial distribution. The course starts with an overview of the reservoir rock properties and reservoir fluids. This is an essential factor as a background for checking the factors affecting the pore fluids distribution. Case studies and workshops are used to show the challenges associated with interpreting the available data distributions to understand why it is necessary to examine the capillary pressure, HPMI, lab NMR, thin-sections and SEM images. Both clastics and carbonate examples and core-log integration workshops are used to checking how simple saturation height models can be applied in fields to study many parameters as fluid contacts, hydrocarbon column height (above the free water level) and help you determine the dominant oil water contact (OWC). By the end of the course, the attendees will be able to evaluate the clastic and carbonate reservoirs and assess their performance. The comprehensive course documentation has been designed as a useful guide for future reference.

Audience

This course is designed for:

Geologists
Petroleum Geologists
Geophysicists
Wellsite geologists
Drilling engineers
Stratigraphers
Geochemists,
Petroleum engineers
Production Engineers
Petrophysicists.

Course objectives

By end of the course participants will learn:

Realize the importance of capillary pressure and its applications.
Describe pore geometry using petrographic and SEM studies.
Describe drainage and imbibition processes.
Establish fluid saturations.
Know more about the practical applications of determining the free water level (FWL).
Check the different capillary pressure lab methods and data acquisition.
Check the lab data analysis will focus on lab-based pore throat radius
Estimate the pore throat radius from porosity and permeability.
Know how to convert the Lab measured capillary pressure data to reservoir conditions to determine height above free water.
Estimate the seal capacity and initial water saturation.
Know more about Petrophysical rock typing based on the high pressure mercury injection data.
Construct the saturation height capillary model based on petrophysical rock typing.
Know about the saturation height model based on Leverett, Gunter/Smart, and the modified Thomeer methods.

Course contents

Module 1: Pore Types and Description

Introductory discussion on importance of capillary pressure and rock typing
Different pore types, fabric and description using petrography.
Application of Scanning Electron Microscopic Images to check pore fabrics and factors controlling it.
Different Lab methods that applied to check pore geometry
Case Studies and workshop.

Module 2: Drainage and Imbibition Curve

Drainage and Imbibition studies.
Applications of Drainage Capillary Pressure Analysis (OWC, GWC, and FWL)
Applications of Imbibition Capillary Pressure Analysis (Production Trends and Residual Saturation)
Lab Methods to Determine Capillary Pressure.
Case Studies.
Workshop.

Module 3: Lab Methods for Determining the Capillary Pressure

Determining Pore Throat Radius from Lab Data and Estimating Pore Throat Radius from k and phi.
Porous Plate Method
Centrifuge Method
Dynamic Fluids Method
High Pressure Mercury Injection
Workshop

Module 4: Converting the capillary pressure data to height above FWL

Height above the free water level.
Case studies and workshop.
Common Applications of the capillary pressure (Thomeer and Leverett J Function)
Case studies and workshop.
Petrophysical Rock Typing.
Case studies and workshop

Module 5: Constructing the saturation height model based on rock typing

Constructing the saturation height model.
Reservoir characterization and borehole Analysis.
Capillary Pressure, NMR and Core-Log Integration.
Workshop and closing session.

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